The LED display is a highly integrated system, with each component working together to achieve high-quality display effects. Below are the key components and their roles:

1. Display Driver System
   • Scan Converter: Converts analog signals into digital pulse width modulation (PWM) signals.
   • Data Bus: Transmits video data between the scan converter and pixel array.
   • Power Supply: Delivers stabilized power voltage (typically 4V to 6V).
   • Voltage Regulator: Ensures stable power delivery and provides over-voltage protection.
2. Pixel Array
   • Pixel Unit: Each pixel consists of red, green, and blue LED elements that display corresponding colors.
   • Scan Lines: Signal lines used for scanning pixels to form images.
   • Data Lines: Signal lines used for transmitting video data.
3. Optical System
   • Backlighting: LEDs located at the rear of the panel emit light towards the pixel units, enabling full backlighting or partial lighting.
   • Optical Modulation: Uses polarization filters or reflection mirrors to control the direction and angle of light reaching the pixels.
   • Projection Technology: Implements technologies like holography through optical modulation.
4. Connectivity & Interfaces
   • Connectors: Physical connections between components, including data lines, scan lines, power lines, etc.
   • Data Transfer Interfaces: Accepts video signals and control signals; common interfaces include SPI, I²C, or Ethernet.
5. Optical Protection Devices
   • Overcurrent Protection: Includes surge protectors to prevent damage from voltage spikes caused by LED element failures.
   • Voltage Limiting: safeguards against excessive voltages during operation.
6. Protection Circuitry
   • Provides additional safety features like overcurrent relays, fuses, and circuit breakers to safeguard the electronic components.
7. Optical Modulation Technology
   • Backlighting: Directly illuminates pixels at the rear of the panel.
   • Side-illuminated or Front-illuminated: Projects light from either sides onto the display area.
8. Microprism (Micro convex lens)
   • Function: Concentrates LED light on specific pixel units to ensure uniform brightness distribution.
   • Application: Commonly used in technologies like holography and No Backlight.
9. Corrosion & Protection Materials
   • Packaging materials: Use moisture-proof and corrosion-resistant packaging materials to ensure that the display can still work normally in harsh environments.
   • Heat dissipation materials: Provide good heat dissipation performance to prevent overload from causing damage to LED components.
10. Software Control Module
    • drive program: Initializes and configures LED element settings.
    • Waveform Generator: Generates the necessary scan waveforms for proper video display.